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TAG MT 41: Satu Muslihat Politik Lagi (FEER) By S. Jayasankaran 17/2/2001 10:00 am Sat |
TAG 041 [Bank Utama kecil di sini tetapi begitu besar di sebelah sana. Keuntungannya
menonjol sekali tetapi ia gagal bergabung walau telah berkira beberapa kali.
Apa tidaknya, ia dikuasai oleh keluarga Taib Mahmud yang banyak berjasa menyumbang
semua kerusi parlimen Sarawak kepada BN dalam pilihanraya terbaru. Bank lain terpaksa
berfikir dua tiga kali untuk bergabung kerana bimbang dipijak kaki.
Kepentingan politik telah mencemari institusi perbankan. Kriteria politik menjadi
kayu ukur strategi, bukannya prestasi. Ia akan membiakkan budaya 'give and take'
tawar menawar projek dan membeli undi. Patutlah Sarawak sukar ditembusi BA sampai kini.
Sila Rujuk KM2 3037 untuk melihat jalinan politik Rimbunan Hijau yang tersebut di sini.
- Editor] (A Political Conundrum) Oleh: S. Jayasankaran Sabah dan Sarawak menyertai persekutuan malaysia pada 1963 dan 38 tahun
kemudiannya, masih lagi memendam rasa kerana terus dalam keadaan kemiskinan. Mungkin
inilah sebabnya penduduk di dua negeri itu tidak berselindung-selindung menyerlahkan
kehampaan mereka terhadap proses penggabungan bank di negara ini - hanya satu
daripada 10 bank induk yang dipilih datangnya daripada Sarawak ataupun Sabah.
Perundingan Utama dengan dua bakal calon rakan usahasama telah pun kecundang. Ini
mencetuskan satu dilemma kepada bank pusat. Bagaimana caranya berurusan dengan sebuah
bank kecil yang mempunyai pengaruh politik yang sungguh besar? Inilah sebabnya ramai para
analis yang berpendapat akhirnya Bank Negara akan berlembut dan memberikan bank ini
status bank induk pula. Utama Bank memang bukan mudah untuk dikotak-katikkan. Bank ini dipunyai oleh Chaya
mata Sarawak sebanyak 51 %. Ini adalah sebuah syarikat yang dikuasai oleh keluarga
Taib Mahmud, seorang ketua menteri yang kuat pengaruhnya dan lama perkhidmatannya di
Sarawak. Lagi pula, keutuhan Sarawak amat bermakna kepada parti komponen Barisan
Nasional yang dipimpin oleh Mahathir Mohamad. UMNO yang dipimpin oleh Mahathir
Mohammad, walaupun merupakan parti teras BN, sudah pun kehilangan sokongan yang besar di
kalangan orang Melayu di Semenanjung. Inilah yang membuatkan keteguhan sahabatnya di
Malaysia Timur menjadi tongkat penegak BN untuk menampan serangan pengaruh parti
pembangkang. Lagipun ketika pemilu 1999 dulu, Taib telah mengusahakan satu
kemenangan besar di mana semua 28 kerusi parlimen berpihak kepada BN. Ini merupakan 15%
daripada jumlah kerusi parlimen yang dipertandingkan.
Rencana Asal: The Far Eastern Economic Review Issue cover-dated 22nd February 2001 BANK RESTRUCTURING A POLITICAL CONUNDRUM
By S. Jayasankaran With assets of 6 billion ringgit ($1.6 billion), Bank Utama may be the
country's smallest bank but it is, nevertheless, the premier bank in
the East Malaysian state of Sarawak. In its best-ever results, Utama's
net profit increased eightfold to 110 million ringgit in the first
nine months of 2000. But Utama can't find a merger partner, something
that epitomizes a unique problem for consolidation of Malaysia's
banking industry. Blame it on history, location and, yes, politics.
Sabah and Sarawak joined the federation in 1963 and, 38 years later,
still resent being the country's poor cousins. It could be one reason
why the East Malaysians never hid their disappointment over the
country's 1999 bank consolidation exercise--none of the 10 so-called
anchor banks are from Sarawak or Sabah.
Utama's negotiations with two potential partners have since collapsed,
placing the central bank in a dilemma: How to deal with a small bank
with disproportionate political influence? That's why some analysts
think the central bank might give in and allow the Sarawak bank anchor
status. Utama certainly isn't a political pushover. The listed banking group
is 51% owned by Cahya Mata Sarawak, a finance and infrastructure
company controlled by the family of Taib Mahmud, the state's powerful,
and long-serving chief minister. And, more than ever, Sarawak is
politically vital to the ruling National Front coalition led by
Premier Mahathir Mohamad. Mahathir's United Malays National Organization, the front's dominant
party, is losing support among the peninsula's majority Malays, making
the front's East Malaysian allies vital to keep the opposition at bay.
Moreover, Taib has delivered: In the last general election, he led his
chapter of the National Front to a clean sweep of the state's 28
parliamentary seats, almost 15% of the total.
Utama was originally paired with a partner five times larger, the
Arab-Malaysian Banking group. In late December, however, the merger
collapsed amid differences over management control and pricing. In
January, Finance Minister Daim Zainuddin asked businessman Rin Kei
Mei, the driving force behind EON Bank, to look into a possible tie-up
with Utama. EON is the smallest anchor bank, with assets of 24 billion
ringgit, but it has links to Sarawak, thus appealing to Utama. The
bank is 20% owned by Rimbunan Hijau, the largest logging company in
Sarawak. In early February, the deal was scuttled, with EON writing to the
central bank saying it had enough on its plate for now--it had taken
over three troubled financial institutions in 2000 and wanted to
consolidate first. It was a polite way of saying "thanks but no
thanks." According to a financial executive close to the deal, EON baulked
because it feared a lessening of control. Parties linked to Sarawak
would hold almost 45% of the merged entity, says the executive. That
would "make life tough for the controlling shareholders." (EON Bank is
60% controlled by EON, the national car distributor and Rin, in turn,
controls over 25% of EON.) What's a central bank to do? It has repeatedly stated that no more
anchor banks would be allowed apart from the present 10. But going
forward, and given RHB Bank's problems, Utama could still make the
cut. For his part, Taib put it obliquely. While professing his
"disappointment" that Utama wasn't an anchor bank, he told national
news agency Bernama in late January that "if [the merger] doesn't
work, it would be up to the government to find an alternative policy."
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