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TJ KB EC: Berita Buruk Sektor Elektronik Buat Malaysia By eC 27/2/2001 11:41 am Tue |
Terjemahan Ringkas Industri elektronik Malaysia sedang membuang pekerja, mengurangkan
pengeluaran dan menangguh rancangan pelaburan kerana permintaan sudah
menurun di pasaran utama, Amerika. Jika gejala ini berterusan, negara
akan akan mengalami kemelesetan ekonomi.
Di Malaysia berita dikawal sebegitu ketat sekali sehingga berita buruk
tidak mendapat tempat langsung atau diubah suai supaya tampak membawa
petanda yang baik. Tetapi semua trik mereka itu bakal tergelincir juga
akhirnya. Pertengahan Januari lepas Rafidah Aziz mengatakan ekspot
sektor elektronik tahun ini akan menurun 10% dan 'cuma sedikit' sahaja
kesannya. Dua minggu selepas itu, Motorola yang diberitakan sebagai
'akan berada lama di sini' telah mengaku mengadakan pakej kerja ekstra
untuk kilangnya berdekatan KL. Syarikat komputer Dell pula mendapat
publisiti mega bila ia mengumumkan kilang keduanya di P. pInang bulan
depan. Lihat angka dulu sebelum melihat berita. Ia sudah tercatat pada dinding
tembok betul-betul di depan mata, jangan kita sengaja buta alang-alang
bising dengan satu-dua berita yang glamor.
Data rasmi menunjukkan ekspot elektronik susut 23.6% bulan November
lepas, dari 32.2 % pada bulan Ogos. Nilai rancangan pelaburan dalam
sektor eletronik dan elektrik cuma sekitar RM3.3 bilion pada Jan-Okt
2000, sedangkan ia sekitar RM5.9 bilion pada tahun 1999. Bulan-bulan
yang mendatang diramalkan lebih kelam angkanya.
Bukan faktor kelembapan ekonomi Amerika sahaja perlu disabitkan.
Kos yang meninggi, kekurangan tenaga mahir dan insentif yang
lebih menarik di tempat lain di Asia elah lama menghakis minat
pelabur untuk bertandang ke sini. Sebahagian pelabur sudah lari ke Cina, Thailand dan Filipina untuk
mencari tenaga buruh yang lebih murah untuk barangan rendah.
Sebahagian yang lain ke Taiwan, Korea Selatan dan Singapura untuk
menghasilkan barangan yang lebih kelas. Itu semua bergantung kepada
kehendak pasaran yang semakin kompleks yang dipacu oleh kepesatan
teknologi. -TJ Kapal Berita- Rencana Asal: http://ecountries.com/southeast_asia/malaysia/news/2998045
by eCountries' Malaysia correspondent (Wed, 07 Feb 2001 09:08:01)
Malaysia's electronics industry is cutting production, laying off workers
and shelving investment plans as demand weakens in its major market,
the US. If these trends persist, another recession could follow. But they
might also give the key sector a much-needed push up the value chain.
In Malaysia's tightly controlled press, bad news either merits little
mention, or is doctored into more positive tidings. With the export-oriented
economy beginning to feel the impact of the slowdown in the US - its
biggest market and source of investment - the media's confidence
tricksters are on overtime. A mid-January warning by international trade
and industry minister Rafidah Aziz that electronics sales could fall by 10%
this year was portrayed as likely to affect the country only "slightly." Two
weeks later, Motorola was trumpeted as being "in Malaysia for the long
haul" after admitting it had offered voluntary redundancy packages to
workers at a semiconductor plant near Kuala Lumpur. Booming headlines
have other electronics companies still predicting strong growth and hefty
profits. And of course Dell's recent announcement that it is to open a
second computer-making facility in Penang next month got huge and
gushing coverage. Editorialists may routinely damn supposed naysayers, but the writing is on
the wall. Official data show that the growth of electronic and electrical
goods exports slowed to 23.6% year-on-year in November, from 32.2%
in August. The value of proposed investments in the two sectors
amounted to a modest M$3.3bn in January-October 2000, down from
M$5.9bn in an already lean 1999. The coming months are expected to
yield gloomier figures. It's not just the US downturn that's to blame. Rising costs, skill shortages and improving incentives elsewhere in Asia have long been eroding the attractiveness of a country whose once generous concessions and plentiful cheap labor enticed dozens of big-name electronics multinationals to set up shop, spawning a plethora of smaller local players in the process. While still clustered towards the lower end of the value chain, Malaysia's industry is now being squeezed by emerging low-cost regional rivals such as China, Thailand and the Philippines on one side, and upmarket giants like Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore on the other. Its search for a center that could hold is rendered all the more complex by the bewildering speed of technological advances. |